Most Solar Panel Warranties Voided By Shading

heavily shaded solar panels

Shade is bad for solar panels. They work by changing light energy into electrical energy, so any shade reduces output.  This makes it a bad idea to locate panels anywhere they’ll be out of direct sunlight for a significant part of the day.

But there’s another reason to avoid shade on solar panels: it can damage them.  Because of this, most solar panel warranties don’t allow installation under shade.  If you want to place panels where they’ll be significantly shaded and still be confident your installer will be able to make a warranty claim if there’s a failure, you’ll have to use one of the small number with warranties that don’t prohibit shade1.

To find out which panel warranties tolerate shading and which don’t allow any, I went through the warranties and installation manuals for all 19 solar panel manufacturers SolarQuotes recommends.  I’ll provide details on them all below, but if your hunger for answers is overwhelming, you can skip ahead to the end of the article, where the results are summarised.

Shade & Solar Panel Hotspots

Shading solar panels can reduce their lifespan.  Evenly cast shade from clouds does not harm panels, but partial shading can cause energy from solar cells exposed to light to be lost as heat in the shaded cells.  This can result in a hot spot that, if hot enough, can damage a panel.

This usually isn’t a serious issue because panels have bypass diodes that normally stop any one spot from becoming too hot.  But these diodes can fail over time and with use.  To prevent panels from being damaged and deteriorating or even dying from dead diodes, most solar panel warranties require them not to be shaded at all.

Microinverters & Optimizers Won’t Help

Microinverters and optimizers can prevent shade falling on one panel from affecting others, but partial shade can still cause hotspots within individual panels.  So using them doesn’t get around “no shade” conditions in any warranty I have seen.

Shading & Consumer Law

A rooftop solar panel can’t avoid all shading.  It’s often inevitable very early morning and very late in the afternoon.  Partial shading can also occur from bird poop and other dirt on panels.  If a solar panel cannot handle this, it’s not fit for purpose and shouldn’t be sold for residential solar.  Rooftop solar panels produce little energy when the sun is very low in the sky, so if shading at these times is a serious problem, it’s a crap panel.

Partial shading from dirt on panels, such as bird poop, is also an unavoidable fact of life.  Solar panels sold in Australia have to be able to take some shit.  If they can’t, it’s a shit panel.

While many warranties say no shade is allowed, we are protected by Australian Consumer Guarantees and these apply regardless of what warranties or their fine print say, or whether or not the warranty period is over.  They require products to be of acceptable quality.  This means they must be…

  • Safe, lasting, with no faults.
  • Do all the things someone would normally expect them to do.

This means solar panels sold for rooftop installation have to be able to handle a minimal level of shading that’s unavoidable in normal use, whether it’s shadowing from when the sun is close to the horizon or from dirt on panels, such as the occasional bird poop.  But note that Consumer Guarantees do not mean installing panels in shaded areas is okay.  There is a big difference between minor shading that’s unavoidable in practice and locating panels where trees or buildings will cast shadows on them for hours a day.

Warranties & Installation Manuals

Many solar panel warranties don’t mention shade, but they do say the warranty won’t apply if the installation manual isn’t followed.  It’s in these manuals where you’ll find prohibitions against installing under shade.  Just checking the warranty is not enough to see if installing in shade is allowed.

I Didn’t Check Bifacial Panels

With a couple of exceptions, I did not look at the bifacial panels’ warranties, which can use light from above and below.  Because they don’t provide any benefit for a typical rooftop installation where they’re installed centimetres above the roof surface, I didn’t bother.  (But note bifacial panels can be of benefit on roofs if tilt racks are used.)

I Am Not A Lawyer

Many installation manuals often say shade “should” be avoided.  This raises the question of exactly what “should” means.  In casual conversation “should” is often used to recommend an action but doesn’t require it.  For example, my doctor says I “should” lose weight and my seismologist says I “should” avoid weak points in the earth’s crust, but I don’t have to do those things if I don’t want to.

It’s much the same as when I tell my son he “should” clean his room.  He takes that as casual advice he can pay attention to or not as the whim takes him.  However, in other situations, “should” can become an imperative.  For example, when a judge tells me I “should” give my son his insulin even if he hasn’t cleaned his room.

If a panel’s warranty or installation documents say shade “should” be avoided, I assume it means shade is prohibited.  If you think “should” is just a recommendation and want to argue that a warranty stating panels “should” not be installed under shade is not voided by doing so, you can give it a go if you like.  I’m not a lawyer, so I don’t know how likely this is to be successful.  All I’ll say is, good luck!

The 19 Recommended Solar Panel Brands

In our Solar 101 Guide there is a graphic showing the 19 panel brands we currently recommend.  Here it is:

Recommended solar panel brands

As cartoon Finn says at the top:

“We consider all these brands to be reputable and well supported in Australia.”

Panels don’t become reputable unless they’re reliable.  We expect all panels above to last decades on a roof without problem.  If we learn a company has let their standards fall, either in panel quality or customer support, we will stop recommending them.  If a panel isn’t on the chart above it doesn’t necessarily mean it’s bad.  We just may not have enough information on it.  But there are no bad panels on the graphic, so if you want to be confident you’ve got a good solar panel, get one we recommend.

If you want details on these panels, you can check them out on our Solar Panel Comparison Table.

I’ve reviewed the warranties and installation manuals for all these panels to find which ones allow shading.  There are only a few that do.

Canadian Solar

Because I’m using alphabetical order and because we don’t recommend Aardvark panels due to their tendency to intentionally attract ants, I’ll begin with Canadian Solar.

Their warranty makes it clear it doesn’t apply to panels where there is “constant shading”:

Canadian Solar warranty

The same exception clause also says the warranty won’t apply if the solar panels aren’t installed according to “standard product documentation”.  This would be the installation manual, which says…

Canadian Solar installation manual

While the Canadian Solar documents don’t define “constant shading”, it does sound to me — a person who ain’t no lawyer — that an installation where shade falls on panels for even part of the year is prohibited by the warranty.

Hyundai

Just to be clear, Hyundai Energy Solutions is a legally separate entity from the Hyundai that makes cars, but it’s still a big $300 million company.

I’m not a big fan of their warranty, which says that if it applies comes down to “Hyundai’s solar and absolute judgment.”  That’s quite an escape hatch they’ve written there and only makes it a warranty if Hyundai feels like it.  Fortunately, we don’t have to put up with that kind of nonsense because Australian Consumer Guarantees protect us.  But it still doesn’t give me a good impression of the company.

As with 100% of warranties I’ve seen, it says panels must be installed according to the installation manual for the warranty to be valid:

Hyundai warranty

So I went to its installation manual and found the following:

Hyundai installation manual

This puts Hyundai solar panels’ warranty in the “no shade” category.

JA Solar

I found no mention of shade in the JA Solar warranty, but their installation manual gives this vital advice…

…which is a very relevant piece of information if you happen to be Elon Musk.  Or potentially Mr Squiggle.

Ever notice how you never see Mr Squiggle and Elon Musk together in the same room?

Below this, it says:

JA Solar installation manual

This makes JA’s warranty a “no shade” one.

Jinko Solar

Jinko’s warranty doesn’t mention shade, but looking in the installation manual, I found the following passage:

JinkoSolar installation manual

While this seems more like a recommendation than a requirement, it does say to avoid anything that could cast shadows on JinkoSolar panels, so this wording makes me file them under “no shade”.

LONGi Solar

The Longi installation manual has a long list of requirements for the installation of panels, and the first one is…

Oh come on!  Is this really a problem?  Who is it that’s not just launching panels into space, but launching them into space and then making warranty claims?  What’s more, why are they doing it so much that two major panel companies so far feel the need to specifically exclude it?  Why isn’t the prohibition against installation on moving vehicles enough?  Does this mean someone owns a secret moon base?

Ever notice how you never see Elon Musk and Dr Evil together in the same room?

Much lower down on the list of requirements is:

Longi Solar installation manual

So Longi does not allow their solar panels to be shaded.

Phono Solar

Phono Solar is part of the giant, $1.7 billion Chinese SUMEC corporation that has fingers in so many pies it asked its former affiliate expose it to nuclear radiation so it could grow an extra hand.  While it’s impossible to know what the future may bring, its large size and diversity means it may be around to honour warranty claims after decades have passed.  The Phono warranty document says…

Phono Solar warranty

So Phono are definitely no shade solar panels.

Powerwave

As far as I am aware, Powerwave solar panels are Seraphim panels that have been rebadged, which is jargon for “rebranded”.  This means Seraphim makes them, and Powerwave puts their brand on them and becomes responsible for their warranties.  Like Seraphim panels, they can’t be installed in shade.

Qcells

The Australian Qcells site has been improved since the last time I checked it out, and I had no problem finding the warranty and installation documents.  The installation manual says:

Now I’m wondering if when Longi said not to use their panels in space, did they simply forgot the word “enclosed” to make it “enclosed space”?  But this explanation doesn’t work for JA Solar, as they clearly stated their panels were for terrestrial use only and not “outer space”, so clearly they think using their panels in the great beyond is an issue they have to worry about.

On shading, the manual says:

Qcells installation manual

So Qcells solar panels are another no shader.

REC Solar

I have some good news concerning REC solar panels.  While their installation manuals really dislike shade…

REC Solar installation manual

…there’s not a blanket ban against it provided it’s kept to “an absolute minimum”.  While not much, it’s better than nothing.  This makes them the first panel warranty to not rule out shade.

Risen

I used to consider the Risen Solar site a strong contender for the most hilarious misuse of English award, but now they have a dedicated Australian site and it makes much more sense.  Despite this, their installation manuals could still use a little polishing…

Risen Energy installation manual

…but not having perfect English is no risen to make fun of them.

When it says “even the partially shading” should be avoided, whether or not that’s a ban on shade depends on how you interpret the word “should”.  As I mentioned, here it’s often a recommendation rather than a requirement.  Because I’m not a lawyer so I can’t really say what it means in this circumstance.  Even if I did ask a lawyer, the reply might be, “How much is it worth to you?”  Until Risen clarifies this, I’m going to assume their solar panels can’t be installed in shade.

Seraphim

The Seraphim installation module cautions against shading not once, but twice:

Seraphim installation manual

So yet another solar panel warranty that does not allow shading.

Solahart

Solahart doesn’t make solar panels.  Instead, they sell rebranded panels produced by others.  Solarhart is responsible for the manufacturer’s warranty for panels with their name on them.  Their Silhouette panels are Qcells panels and, as described above, their warranty doesn’t allow shade.  Astronergy produces their SunCell panels and the good news here is they do not forbid shading, they just say not to shade them for a long time:

Astronergy installation manual

So Astronergy solar panels, sold as Solarhart Suncells, can withstand some partial shading without voiding their warranties.  No definition is given of what a “long time” is, but it’s always best to keep the time a panel is partially shaded as short as possible.

SolarEdge

Like Solahart, SolarEdge is not a panel manufacturer but has panels made for them, puts their name on them, and becomes responsible for their manufacturers’ warranty.  The installation manuals for SolarEdge solar panels give a warning about long periods of shading…

SolarEdge installation manual

…but don’t say shading must be avoided.  This makes them one of the limited number of panels to not have a ban on shading.

Solarwatt

The Solarwatt warranty and installation manuals mention shading in reference to installation only in the following way:

Solarwatt warranty

But that’s all they say.  While it still makes sense to avoid shading as much as possible, the Solarwatt warranty is one of the few that does not forbid solar panel shading.

SunPower

The installation manuals for SunPower Maxeon and Performance solar panels say permanent shading that remains on a panel through the day needs to be avoided but, while it should be minimized, some partial shading won’t wreck the warranty:

SunPower warranty

Of course, given how much SunPower has boasted about how well their Maxeon panels handle shade, I’d be pretty shocked if the warranty forbids partial shading.

Now I think about it, there is probably a very good reason why we never see young Elon Musk and Dr Bunsen Honeydew together in the same room.

Suntech

Suntech makes it clear no shade is permitted on their solar panels:

Suntech warranty

While not being able to expose panels to shade without voiding the warranty isn’t good, I appreciate that they’ve made it clear in their installation manual.  Suntech is the only manufacturer I’ve seen that provides this simple courtesy.

Tindo Solar

The only solar panels made in Australia, or at least the only ones I can recommend, are produced by Tindo Solar.  Unfortunately, their site doesn’t have clear links to their warranty or installation manual.  I don’t know why it doesn’t, but maybe the fact water goes down the drain in the opposite direction here to the northern hemisphere interferes with web page design?  Because you’re not likely to find it on their site at the moment, here’s a link to their 2021 warranty.  Note that under the right circumstances, Tindo will provide a 25 year product warranty and not the 12 years in that document.

Here’s a link to their installation manual, which says…

Tindo Solar installation manual

So Tindo Solar is another manufacturer whose warranty requires their panels avoid shade.

Trina Solar

For their standard panels, Trina Solar’s installation manual says:

Trina Solar installation manual

That is not a blanket ban on shading.  While it needs to be minimized, it doesn’t say it’s not allowed, so it looks like — if you have some shading — your Trina warranty will be okay.

But the installation manual for Trina’s bifacial Duomax panels, which are glass on top and bottom, says:

Winaico

As there are very few panel warranties that allow shade, I was hoping Winaico would be okay with at least a little, but they turned out to be very strict.  Here’s what the warranty says:

Winaico warranty

Note this excerpt skips conditions a) through i).

That “shadow of any kind” provision is really tough.  If you want to be pedantic, a bird flying between the panels and the sun one time would void the warranty.  Given that night is a kind of shadow, it could mean the warranty may not last 24 hours.  But I’m certain that’s not what Winaico counts as shade.  Their installation manual is far less strict and merely says an installation should be as free as possible from shade:

But while the installation manual takes a reasonable approach to shade, the warranty document does not, and that puts Winaico solar panels in the no shade category.

A Shady Summary

Of the 19 different solar panel brands I investigated, only six had panels with warranties that allowed them to be installed in shade.  These were:

  • REC
  • Solahart — Suncell (Astronergy) panels only
  • SolarEdge
  • Solarwatt
  • SunPower
  • Trina — but not their bifacial Duomax panels

This is not a wide selection.

Manufacturers May Allow Some Shading

Solar panel warranties are strict on shade because manufacturers want to minimize how many panels they replace under warranty.  If panels are never partially shaded it eliminates one potential cause of failure.  Opposing this is the fact they don’t want to lose sales to rivals with warranties that are more flexible when it comes to shade.

For this reason, if you are planning to install a solar power system that will suffer a modest amount of shade but want to use a panel with a warranty that prohibits any, you can contact the manufacturer and see if they will allow what you have planned.  Any well-made solar panel should be able to handle a modest amount of shading, especially if it only occurs early or late in the day.

In practice, it will normally be installers — not homeowners — who will contact manufacturers to see if they will sign off on installations with a modest amount of shading.

But it would be better if all manufacturers determined how much shading their solar panels could handle without a significant risk of developing a problem. Then we could have clear guidance in the installation manuals on how much shade the panels can handle while remaining in warranty.  That will make life easier for installers and their customers and improve sales for manufacturers that allow some shading.

Of course, if it turns out a solar panel can’t tolerate any shading for the 25+ years of its performance warranty, they’re not going to a panel we can recommend.

Footnotes

  1.  Also note, the solar company that takes your money is ultimately responsible for all warranties, so a panel manufacturer refusing a warranty claim does not mean that the solar company can refuse your warranty claim.
About Ronald Brakels

Joining SolarQuotes in 2015, Ronald has a knack for reading those tediously long documents put out by solar manufacturers and translating their contents into something consumers might find interesting. Master of heavily researched deep-dive blog posts, his relentless consumer advocacy has ruffled more than a few manufacturer's feathers over the years. Read Ronald's full bio.

Comments

  1. Lee McCurtayne says

    I do wonder if this revelation will instil an upfront approach with Solar Salespeople.

  2. jeff ellis says

    Warranties! Bleep. All becoming a bit like insurance where it’s preferable to get a solicitor to read the contract first.
    And what happened to LG panels are they now persona non grata?

  3. Ian Speer says

    Ron, Thanks very much for this information. For me it was very timely as I am looking at a location where there would be 100% sun in winter for some panels and the output would reduce to about 35% as the days lengthened I want to heat water for the house using DC directly to a suitable resistance heating element in an existing large electric storage HWS and did not have any other panel locations and our regulators set limits for panels which can be connected to the grid in any way.
    Sort of figured that using a string of panels in series and the shading effect that I would have a largely self regulating system with a simple DC relay to turn the panels off when the water temperature was at the required temperature.
    Yes for any concerned parties the heating element would NOT be the standard one but one rated for the produced DC voltage and current. There are multiple element insertion points and I will leave the existing element in place as a simple backup.
    As a matter of interest did you get any sense of the likely time to failure for shaded panels or likely reduction in life? I can understand manufacturers want to avoid claims but if I can use a string of cheap even second hand panels which are readily available then 5-10 years would be fine for me.

    • Ronald Brakels says

      How long the bypass diodes in solar panels last really depends on how much effort the manufacturer has put into sourcing quality, reliable diodes, or if they have simply used the cheapest ones they could find. I’m afraid I don’t have any figures for how long they last. I presume a crap panel might have diodes that fail inside of months, while I would hope those in quality panels would last decades.

  4. Peter Veeken says

    What a bummer, last November I got a number of quotes through solarquotes.com.au and none of the suppliers mentioned anything about warranty issues as I have a tree that will partially shade the panels during winter.
    They we all quick to point out the tree would reduce output from my system at certain times of the year but none told me I’d have no warranty.
    This is a real problem as I’ve spent over $12K on a large system that you now say has no warranty on the Hyundai panels that were recommended by one of your trusted installers.
    What recourse do I have?
    I’m sure I’m not alone in this situation.

    • Ronald Brakels says

      Hello Peter

      I have three pieces of good news for you:

      1. Despite what is written in their warranty, Hyundai Energy may not consider the shading of your panels in winter as a reason to not honor their warranty.
      2. Your installer has a responsibility to provide a remedy irrespective of if Hyundai Energy honors the warranty or not.
      3. I’m not a lawyer, but I would argue any solar panels sold for residential use that can’t handle some winter shade are not fit for purpose and are covered by Australian consumer guarantees.

      Of course, it would be better if Hyundai Energy allowed some shading in their warranty as you don’t want to have to struggle to make a warranty claim, but you do have protection. Also, I would hope and expect the panels to operate for a full 25 years without the need for a warranty claim.

      • Thanks Ronald,
        Here’s an update.
        The problem has gone away as strong winds the other night blew the tree over so no more shading issues.
        Minimal damage but lots to clean up.

    • Gavan john Kelly says

      Yes I 100% agree. Same happened to me

  5. Billy Shears says

    Thank you for your article on shading.

  6. Mr David J Richardson says

    “Should” and “shall” have pretty specific legal definitions.

    Should is a recommendation.

    Shall is a requirement.

    • Finn Peacock says

      David,

      My guess is you are an engineer? Me too. We take the accuracy of our blog posts very seriously. When I proof-read Ronald’s post, I had the same thought because in the *different* context of Australian Standards ‘should’ and ‘shall’ have specific meanings.

      So before publication, we paid the eye-watering hourly fee to our corporate lawyers to read the post and check what Ronald was saying was all good from their legal perspective.

      Our lawyers told us that what Ronald wrote was a reasonable interpretation and as an aside that most solar panel warranties seem very sloppily written. I guess that most solar panel manufacturers don’t invest in good Australian legal reviews of their warranties.

  7. Des Scahill says

    A very timely post, which highlights the importance of doing careful “home-work” before investing in your household PV system

    An article published yesterday on the ABC regarding the changes made by the LNP regarding ‘carbon credit offsets’ IMO also highlights some aspects of their general approach to Australia’s ‘energy policy’.

    Here are a couple of quotes from the article:

    “Angus Taylor decided to effectively rip up decades-long contracts for carbon credits, gifting windfall profits of potentially billions of dollars to some private companies.”

    “The minister’s decision crashed a previously booming market for carbon credits and made it cheaper for big polluters to continue business-as-usual practices rather than reduce their carbon emissions.”

    The full article can be found here:
    https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-07-25/pre-election-carbon-credit-shake-up-foi-documents/101259776

  8. Does anyone have this info on LG panels? Still can’t believe they stopped producing them!

    • Ronald Brakels says

      Hi Steve

      In the LG Solar NeON panel warranty it says it doesn’t apply to:

      “Improper installation or reinstallation and poor solar system design. (Examples of improper installations
      and very poor system design are panels installed in conditions which put long term stress on the bypass
      diodes in the panels, and also reduce the system output for the owner – for example prolonged significant
      strong shadowing of the panels e.g. via gum trees, palm trees, walls, gables, overhangs, valleys, chimneys,
      satellite dishes etc (In such situations a professional solar design is required to avoid long term stress on
      the bypass diode)”

      That makes it sound as though short term stress caused by a limited amount of shading is acceptable. The full warranty document can be found here:

      https://www.lgenergy.com.au/uploads/download_files/7a784e976063f0fa4a1dc171cc06b8d08bfe615c.pdf

  9. Peter Bennett says

    Thanks Ronald for the shading analysis.
    Does this have any relevance for panels that are installed on a partly east or partly west facing roof? I have a split system with half the panels doing better in the morning and half doing better in the afternoon as I have no directly north facing roof.
    thanks
    Peter

    • Ronald Brakels says

      I can’t say what panel manufacturers might say concerning their warranties, but it’s only partial shade on individual panels that has the potential to damage panels. Even if panels are partially shaded for a short period as they pass into or out of shadow, on a typical roof that has a tilt of 15 or 22.5 degrees, their power output will only be low when this occurs, so they shouldn’t be significantly stressed.

  10. To the north-west of my solar panels there is a large tree which shades my solar panels, and it’s on council property. I approached them about trimming it and they said no, the tree was fine – well from their perspective yes, but not from mine. I suggested we negotiate a win-win solution that would suit us both, and they offered to chop down the tree and replace it with a smaller one – and I would have to pay a “valuation amount” for the tree, and for the work involved to remove and replace it.
    Obviously neither “solution” was what I was looking for, so I will explore other options.
    But your article got me thinking – if my solar panels failed because of the shading, it could void my warranty – would the council be liable then, because they refused to trim the tree?

    PS: thanks for your article Ronald, thought-provoking and informative, as always…

  11. Moira Knotts says

    Hi Finn

    I am considering buying and installing 6.6klw (perhaps more, cost allowing) S.P.+ inverter with a possible 3 string system on a 22% roof – NO batteries. I have much to consider and appreciate all your valuable sensible straight forward information. I have a new 3 seater spa. I currently use 7.5 klw daily prior to spa heating, possibly leading to total 15klw daily. I also have tree shading on the north side which basically impacts throughout winter, however the east and west are quite clear of shade. My plan was to have panels divided equally throughout Nth (high on the roof), East and West. I also have a two phase electrical system to my home and would have to consider a three phase inverter. I am concerned about corrosion as I am only 2klms from the ocean and having been here 4 years I have experienced corrosion on metal. And then there is the cost to consider. I keep reading and now feeling overload, and feel I need time out before making any decisions. I don’t want a noisy inverter and I can’t afford the top of the range or a system which has poor longevity or warranty. Can you help with all these issues.

    • Ronald Brakels says

      Hello Moira

      If you decide to get a 6.6 kilowatt solar system, your best option would probably be to split it between the east and west sections of the roof to avoid the shading on the north section. You can use a single-phase solar inverter on whichever phase uses the most energy during the day.

      A 6.6 kilowatt solar system would be sufficient for your needs but you could install more if you wanted to. If you do want more, you could install two separate solar systems each on different phases. Because you’ll have more panels, you may want to make use of the north facing roof section.

      Solar panel frames, clamps, and mounting rails are aluminium. This does not make them corrosion free, but normally a solar system 2 km from the sea won’t have any serious corrosion problems. If you are concerned, check the condition of existing solar systems in your area.

      • Lawrie Mitchell says

        Regarding being close to the sea my situation is such that the North wind blows across Port Philip Bay and up a hill to my property 1 klm from the Bay and after a blow my windows and car are covered in a fine film of salt. It is my understanding that aluminium anodised to the low level of 10 microns will not withstand this so I have, to the consternation of an Installer, insisted on having the aluminium stripped and re-anodised to 25 microns (at my additional expense) and being told to organise that on the side. Clenergy doesn’t and won’t provide parts anodised to 25 microns and won’t specify the level to which their aluminium supports are anodised ( I did ask).
        It is my guess (and only a guess) that 10 microns will will be failing on the thin aluminium sections in about 10 years on a product that is meant to support a product that might last 25 to 40 years.
        Clearly room for improvement, particularly in marine environments.
        Lawrie Mitchell

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